简介
《上海女人》在美国出版了，《纽约时报》的书评家Howar H French为它写了书评。还不错！！！
http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/38354/56295/dz
Survivors’ Stories From China
Rakontoj de Postvivantoj el Cxinio
《夹*边*沟*纪事》英文版书评
rezenzo pri la angla versio de
One of the most curious forms of tourism in recent years has to be that of Chinese who travel to North Korea for the nostalgic gag of visiting a country that abounds in echoes of their past.
Stories from these travelers typically focus on things like material poverty and a kind of totalitarian kitsch: the proliferation of statues and other symbols of a revered absolute leader, the spartan uniformity of dress, big state-owned stores bereft of goods to sell, broad avenues manned by traffic cops gifted in mechanized gyrations but missing that other basic ingredient of traffic, cars.
当今最令人奇怪的旅行当中少不了中国人去朝鲜参观以重温乡愁式的“记忆”这一类,因为那里充满了能引起他们共鸣的“记忆”。他们在那里所看到是像物质匮乏和一种庸俗的集权这类景象，比如俯仰皆是的绝对倍受尊敬的领导人的塑像和其他标志;国有大商店里员工身统一着装，纪律性强地销售稀缺的物品;大路交通由人力控制，交警们机械地左右指挥，却忽视了那些交通的基本构成要素——汽车。
I have spoken with many of these Chinese travelers and have always been struck by how seldom their accounts dwell on the stark human costs of a system like North Korea’s, or on the political system that makes such extreme repression and deprivation possible on a national scale.
我和很多这样的游客交流过，但是他们对朝鲜的描述几乎没有几个涉及到了在像朝鲜这样的体制内人们苛刻的生存成本，或者导致了过度压制和可能全国范围内被剥夺的政治体系，这让我大为吃惊。
Xianhui Yang’s “Woman From Shanghai: Tales of Survival From a Chinese Labor Camp,” a newly translated collection of firsthand accounts that the publisher calls “fact-based fiction,” is about what might be called the Gulag Archipelago of China. Reading it, one begins to appreciate why travelers to North Korea are so reluctant to reflect on human suffering: the reality of North Korea today is too painfully close to a situation endured by the Chinese well within living memory. As the circumstances of the publication of “Woman From Shanghai” help us understand, these are memories that the Chinese state still works hard to suppress.
杨显惠的《上海女人——中国劳*改*场幸存者的故事》，一本翻译作者第一手调查纪实文字的新作，出版家把他称谓“基于现实的小说”，也就是那本被称为“中国的《古*拉*格*群岛Gulag-Arkipelago》的作品。读它，你渐渐地了解那些游客们不愿提及朝鲜人民疾苦的原因:朝鲜人民的现状痛苦般接近以前中国人民忍受的境遇,而它们仍然活生生地留在中国人的脑海里。在《上海女人》的出版的过程中，我们也了解到对于这些“记忆”，中国还在竭力回避。
Mr. Yang’s stories, which he painstakingly collected over a three-year period a decade ago, are those of people branded by the Chinese state as “rightists” in the late 1950s and sent to Jiabiangou, a notorious camp for “re-education through labor” in the northwestern desert wastelands of Gansu Province. In his introduction the translator, Wen Huang, explains that the camp, which was originally built to hold 40 or 50 criminals, came to hold roughly 3,000 political prisoners between 1957 and 1961. All but 500 of them would perish there, mostly of starvation.
杨先生的题材是他在十年前历时三年艰辛地收集的，他们讲述的是那些在上世纪50年代被中国打上“右*派”烙印然后被送进夹*边*沟进行“劳动*再改造”的人的故事.那是一个出名得有点负面的农场，位于甘肃省西北的沙漠荒地中。在作品简介中，译者黄维如是地介绍这个劳*改所，它原本的犯人容量设计为40到50人，然而在1957年到1960年却容下了差不多3000个政*治犯，其中500个人活下来了，其余大部分人mortis死pro于饥饿malsato。
When word of the soaring death toll reached the capital, Beijing began an investigation. In October 1961 the government ordered Jiabiangou closed and then mounted an exhaustive cover-up. After it was shuttered, a doctor who was assigned to the camp spent six months fabricating the medical records of every inmate. In letters to family members, the cause of death was attributed to all manner of illness except starvation, a word that was never mentioned.
当死亡人数骤增的消息传到北京，北京开始了一个调查。1961年11月夹*边沟*劳*改所被勒令停开，接着开始了一场完美的“文”过饰非运动。夹*边*沟停开后，某医生被派往劳*改所现场，费时6个月为每个死者伪造一份病历。然后在给死者家属的信件中，死因被归结为各种各样的病，但就是没有饿malsata死这一项，这个“罪魁祸首”从未被提及过。
Though less well known in the West than two other immense political disasters visited upon the Chinese people by Mao Zedong, the Cultural Revolution and the Great Leap Forward, the so-called Anti-Rightist Movement to which the subjects of Mr. Yang’s stories fell victim remains difficult to research because of continuing censorship. Chinese historians say this is partly because of the central role in these ideological purges played by Mao’s much revered successor, Deng Xiaoping, credited today with putting the country on the path of economic liberalization.
比起由毛mao泽ze东发起的“文化granda大revolucio革命”和“大granda跃进”两场降临在中国人民身上的政治politika灾难而言，“反anti右dekstruloj派运动”在西方更不为人所知。杨先生的题材中的那些人正是它的受害者，由于持续的审查，他们仍然难以被调查到。中国史学家说这部分原因在于在这些意识形态整肃运动邓D小X平所发挥的中心作用，而他作为非常尊重毛mao主席的继任者，现在以把中国带上经济体制改革的轨道而出名。
In this regard, “Woman From Shanghai” represents a remarkable contribution to a growing literature based on personal histories. Mr. Huang, the translator, has played an important role in bringing such work to an English-language audience, having recently translated a work by a giant in this budding field: “The Corpse Walker: Real Life Stories, China From the Bottom Up,” by the muckraking Sichuan journalist Liao Yiwu.
杨先生最先收集到的关于夹*边*沟的题材说的是上世纪60年代一群自命为“理想主义者”的年轻人在一个集体农场工作的故事。他那时根本不相信，但调查因无法获取更多信息而卡住了。几年后在从档案馆中获取那个年代的信息被拒绝和在此题材上对政府的质疑得不到解答的双重困境下，他把调查的重心转向了被他称做“中国档案馆”的现存受害者和他们的口述故事。因此可以说，《上海女人》为正在成长的个人历史文学的作出了很大贡献，而译者黄先生则为把这类书带给英语读者发挥了重要的作用。另外，他还翻译了在该领域的另外一本重要作品，四川“扒粪”记者廖亦武的《底层访谈录》。
Readers of Mr. Yang’s book should not be put off by the frequent recurrence of common elements in these stories: the exposure to bitter cold; hunger so intense as to cause inmates to eat human flesh; the familiar sequence of symptoms, beginning with edema, that lead down the path to death; the toolbox of common survivor techniques, from toadyism to betrayal, from stealthy theft to making use of the vestiges of privilege, which survived even incarceration in this era of radical egalitarianism. It is through the accumulation and indeed repetition of such things that this utterly convincing portrait of a society driven far off the rails is drawn.
杨先生的读者们不应该被这些故事中经常出现的共同之处所打断：寒风中nudakopre；饥饿难耐，至于人吃人；症状的表现一样，先是浮肿，最后走向了死亡；求生存的技巧，从谄媚到背叛，从鸡鸣狗盗到滥用特权，这些让他们在这个激进的平均主义时代免受监禁。正是通过积累和重复这些共同点，这本对当时脱离正轨的社会进行完全令人信服地描写的著作得以问世。
In one story, a man without medical training who is pressed into service as a camp doctor relates his dismay at watching a starving patient die when the one available remedy for the critically ill, glucose injections, fails. “Don’t blame yourself,” a real doctor tells him. “It was not your fault. We had brought him back to life twice already. His time had come. Nobody could have saved him.”
在一个故事中，一个没有医疗培训的人被迫进入劳*改所工作，当他看一个饥饿的病人用以前有效的葡萄糖注射的治疗办法失败后死亡时十分沮丧。 “不要责怪自己，”一个真正的医生告诉他。 “这不是你的错。我们已经将他救活两次了。命数已尽，没有人能够把他救回来。
The stories contain no sugarcoating and are frequently grim in theme, and yet here and there one encounters the stubborn persistence of humanity’s best qualities. In the title story, a young woman travels to the labor camp to visit her husband, only to learn from reluctant fellow inmates that he has just died. In the face of threats from the camp authorities, she collects his remains from a shallow grave and carries them home for proper burial.
这些故事不包含任何糖衣，并经常在主题上很严峻，而且到处都能遇到了一个人类的优秀品质——顽固的坚持。在标题的故事中，一个年轻女子前往劳*动营地探望她的丈夫，最后从他一个不情愿的室友口中得知她丈夫已死亡。在难民营当局威胁的面前，她从一个浅坟里取出了丈夫遗骨带回家厚葬。
Most moving of all, perhaps, is “The Love Story of Li Xiangnian,” about the persecution of a young man and the persistence of his ardor for his girlfriend. The haggard Li escapes from detention to be reunited with her, only to be arrested again. Their touching reunion many years later, after the woman is married, would not be out of place in a Gabriel García Márquez novel.
最动人也许是“李祥年的爱情故事”，它讲述了一个被迫害的年轻人和他对女朋友持久不变的热情。憔悴的李从拘留所逃脱后与她团聚，最后再次被捕。多年后这女孩结婚了，但他们令人感动的团聚应该会在加西亚马尔克斯(Gabriel García Márquez, 1982年诺贝尔文学奖得主)的小说中占有一席之地吧。
PS :《上海女人》是外国出版商根据杨显惠小说《夹*边*沟纪事》第一章中的故事选出的书名
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